Review on: relevance of breast cancer recurrence with body mass index or obesity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20223185Keywords:
Genetic predisposition, Atypical hyperplasia, Antiestrogens, Molecular marker, ProcarcinogenicAbstract
Breast cancer is considered to be the second most life taking malignancy after lung cancer in the world. Some studies also show that changed lifestyle including alcohol and junk food is also increasing incidence or prevalence. Obesity is one of the side effects of the changed lifestyle so it can be a key to evaluate the relationship between obesity and breast cancer. Recurrence happens in about 40% of the breast cancer cases and is lethal too. Besides the treatments developed, breast cancer mortality still is increasing. Relationship of obesity and breast cancer is in such a way that obesity is not responsible for the causing of cancer but obesity can increase the risk of recurrence or improper treatment due to higher level of hormones which may directly or indirectly affect the pathways.
Metrics
References
Xu J, Li D, Du K, Wang J. Efficacy and Safety of Cinobufacin Combined with Chemotherapy for Advanced Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Evidence-Based Complementary Alternative Med. 2020;13:4953539.
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2021;71:209-49.
Sharma R. Breast cancer incidence, mortality and mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) are associated with human development, 1990-2016: Evidence from Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Breast Can. 2019;26:428-45.
Ferlay J, Laversanne M, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L et al. Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Tomorrow. International Agency for Research on Cancer: Lyon, France, 2020. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/tomorrow. Accessed on 9 July 2021.
Porter P. Westernizing Women’s Risks? Breast Cancer in Lower-Income Countries. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008;358:213-6.
Łukasiewicz S, Czeczelewski M, Forma A, Baj J, Sitarz R, Stanisławek A. Breast Cancer-Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Prognostic Markers, and Current Treatment Strategies-An Updated Review. Cancers 2021;13:4287.
McTiernan A. Behavioral risk factors in breast cancer: can risk be modified? Oncologist. 2003;8(4):326-34.
Cardoso F, Kyriakides S, Ohno S, Penault-Llorca F, Poortmans P, Rubio IT et al. Early breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up†. ESMO Guidelines Committee. Ann Oncol. 2019;30:1194-220.
Haghighat S, Akbari M, Ghaffari S, Yavari P. Standardized breast cancer mortality rate compared to the general female population of Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:5525-8.
Bhurgri Y. Karachi cancer registry data implications for the national cancer control program of Pakistan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2004;5:77-82.
Hanif M, Zaidi P, Kamal S, Hameed A. Institution-based cancer incidence in a local population in Pakistan: 9 year data analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2009;10:227-30.
Khoker S, Muhammad U, Masooma R, Naseem A, Afaf S. Clinico-pathologic profile of breast cancer patients in Pakistan: 10 years data of a local cancer hospital. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:693-8.
Badar F, Faruqui Z and Uddin N. Management of breast lesions by breast physicians in a heavily populated south Asian developing country. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12:827-32.
Moore M, Ariyaratne Y, Badar F. Cancer epidemiology in South Asia past, present and future. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2009;10:49-67.
Akram M, Iqbal M, Daniyal M, Khan AU. Awareness and current knowledge of breast cancer. Biological Res. 2017;50:33.
Jemal A, Thun MJ, Ries LAG, Howe HL, Weir HK, Center MM, Ward E et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2005, featuring trends in lung cancer, tobacco use, and tobacco control. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100:1672-94.
Robert Koch Institut. Evaluation of cancer incidence in germany (2003-2004). 2009. Available at: http://www.rki.de/GBE/KREBS/KREBS.HTM. Accessed on 25 Oct, 2022.
Saphner T, Tormey DC, Gray R. Annual hazard rates of recurrence for breast cancer after primary therapy. J Clin Oncol. 1996;14:2738-46.
Christiansen P, Al Suliman N, Bjerre K, Moller S. Recurrence pattern and prognosis in low-risk breast cancer patients-data from the DBCG 89-A programme. Acta Oncol. 2008;47:691-703.
Gerber B, Freund M, Reimer T. Recurrent Breast Cancer Treatment Strategies for Maintaining and Prolonging Good Quality of Life. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2010;107(6):85-91.
Ahmad A. Pathways to Breast Cancer Recurrence. Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Onco. 2013;290568.
Peng J, Sengupta S, Jordan VC. Potential of selective estrogen receptor modulators as treatments and preventives of breast cancer. Anti-Cancer Agents Med Chem. 2009;9:481-99.
Reeder J, Vogel V. Breast cancer prevention. Cancer Treat Res. 2008;141:149-64.
Han S, Guo Q, Wang T. Prognostic significance of interactions between ER alpha and ER beta and lymph node status in breast cancer cases. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14:6081-4.
Abdull R, Noor N. Cruciferous vegetables: dietary phytochemicals for cancer prevention. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14:1565-70.
Dwivedi V, Shrivastava R, Hussain S. Comparative anticancer potential of clove (Syzygium aromaticum)-an Indian spice-against cancer cell lines of various anatomical origin. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(8):1989-93.
Mary J, Vinotha P, Pradeep A. Screening for in vitro cytotoxic activity of seaweed, Sargassum sp. against Hep-2 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13:6073-6.
Mukherjee P, Wahile A. Integrated approaches towards drug development from Ayurveda and other Indian system of medicines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006;103:25-35.
Zhu Y, Zhou L, Jiao S, Xu L. Relationship between soy food intake and breast cancer in China. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12:2837-40.
Bergstrom A, Pisani P, Tenet V, Wolk A, Adami HO. Overweight as an avoidable cause of cancer in Europe. Int J Cancer. 2001;91:421-30.
Protani M, Coory M, Martin JH. Effect of obesity on survival of women with breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;123:627-35.
Sinicrope FA, Foster NR, Yothers G. Body mass index at diagnosis and survival among colon cancer patients enrolled in clinical trials of adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer. 2013;119:1528-36.
Stroup SP, Cullen J, Auge BK, L’Esperance JO, Kang SK. Effect of obesity on prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer as measured by the 2006 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group-American Society for Therapeutic Radiation and Oncology (RTOG-ASTRO) Phoenix consensus definition. Cancer. 2007;110:1003-9.
Efstathiou JA, Bae K, Shipley WU. Obesity and mortality in men with locally advanced prostate cancer: analysis of RTOG 85-31. Cancer. 2007;110:2691-9.
Kroenke C, Chen W, Rosner B, Holmes M. Weight, weight gain, and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. J Appl Physiol. 2005;23:1370-8.
Caan B, Emond J, Natarajan L. Post-diagnosis weight gain and breast cancer recurrence in women with early stage breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treatm. 2006;99:47-57.
Meyerhardt J, Catalano P, Haller D. Influence of body mass index on outcomes and treatment-related toxicity in patients with colon carcinoma. Cancer. 2003;98:484-95.
Obesity and cancer. A guide for oncology providers. Am Society Clin Oncol. 2022.
Lahmann PH, Hoffmann K, Allen N, Van Gils CH, Khaw KT, Tehard B et al. Body size and breast cancer risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer And Nutrition (EPIC). Int J Cancer. 2004;111:762-771.
Van den Brandt PA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, Beeson L, Folsom AR et al. Pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies on height, weight, and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol. 2000;152:514-527.
Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Eng J Med. 2003;348:1625-38.
Berclaz G, Li S, Price KN, Coates AS, Castiglione-Gertsch M, Rudenstam CM et al. Body mass index as a prognostic feature in operable breast cancer: the International Breast Cancer Study Group experience. Ann Oncol. 2004;15:875-84.
D’Ermo G, Zaffina S, Panera N, Alisi A. Is obesity in childhood protective for breast cancer in young women? Transl Cancer Res. 2019;8(3):1012-3.
Mohanty SS, Mohanty PK. Obesity as potential breast cancer risk factor for postmenopausal women. Genes Dis. 2021;8:117e123.
Bousquenaud M, Fico F, Solinas G, Rüegg C, Martínez AS. Obesity promotes the expansion of metastasis-initiating cells in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2018;20:104.
Feigelson HS, Bodelon C, Powers JD, Curtis RE, Buist DSM, Veiga LHS et al. Body Mass Index and Risk of Second Cancer among Women with Breast Cancer. J National Cancer Institute. 2021;1.
Engkakul T, Thongtang N, Nimmannit A, Chuthapisith S, Akewanlop C. Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Operable Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Asian Pacific J Cancer Prevent. 2020;21(4): 953-60.
Kwan ML, Kushi LH, Weltzien E. Epidemiology of breast cancer subtypes in two prospective cohort studies of breast cancer survivors [serial online]. Breast Cancer Res. 2009;11:R31
Li S, Yulan Z, Qi Q, Tang L. Body mass index and prognosis of breast cancer An analysis by menstruation status when breast cancer diagnosis. Medicine. 2018;97:26(e11220).
Ruiz MP, Tarifa CM, Janeiro J. Goffin V, Friedman ER, Slingerland JM. Obesity and Adverse Breast Cancer Risk and Outcome: Mechanistic Insights and Strategies for Intervention. Ca Cancer J Clin. 2017;67:378-97.
Pantelimon I, Gales LN, Zgura A, Serbanescu GL, Georgescu DE, Nita I et al. Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Breast Cancer and Obesity. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2021;11:1578-85.
Elkum N, Al-Tweigeri T, Ajarim D, Al-Zahrani A, Amer SMB, Aboussekhra A. Obesity is a significant risk factor for breast cancer in Arab women. BMC Cancer. 2014;14:788.
Liu K, Zhang W, Dai Z, Wang M, Tian T, Liu X et al. Association between body mass index and breast cancer risk: evidence based on a dose-response meta-analysis. Cancer Management Res. 2018;10:143-51.
Neuhouser ML, Aragaki AK, Prentice RL, Manson JE, Chlebowski R, Carty CL et al. Overweight, Obesity, and Postmenopausal Invasive Breast Cancer Risk A Secondary Analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1(5):611-21.
Islami F, Goding Sauer A, Gapstur SM. Proportion of cancer cases attributable to excess body weight by US State, 2011-2015. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5(3):384-92.
Garc´ıa-Este´ vez L, Corte´ s J, Pe´ rez S, Calvo I, Gallegos I, Moreno-Bueno G. Obesity and Breast Cancer: A Paradoxical and Controversial Relationship Influenced by Menopausal Status. Front. Oncol. 2021;11:705911.
Chen SI, Hsieh CC. Why are women with obesity more likely to develop breast cancer. Future Oncol. 2018;14(16): 1523-6.
Chen MJ, Wu WY, Yen AMF, Fann JCY, Chen SLS, Chiu SYH et al. Body mass index and breast cancer: analysis of a nation-wide population-based prospective cohort study on 1 393 985 Taiwanese women. Int J Obesity. 2016;40:524-30.
Nindrea RD, Aryandono T, Lazuardi L, Dwiprahasto I. Association of overweight and obesity with breast cancer during premenopausal period in Asia: A meta‑analysis. Int J Prev Med 2019;10:192.
Gibson TM, Park Y, Robien K, Shiels MS, Black A, Sampson JN et al. Body Mass Index and Risk of Second Obesity-Associated Cancers After Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32:4004-11.
Elwood JM, Tin ST, Hommel MK, Lawrenson R, Campbell I. Obesity and breast cancer outcomes in chemotherapy patients in New Zealand-a population-based cohort study. BMC Cancer. 2018;18:76.
Seiler A, Chen MA, Brown RL, Fagundes CP. Obesity, Dietary Factors, Nutrition, and Breast Cancer Risk. Current Breast Cancer Reports. 2018;10.
Pereira AZ, de Almeida-Pitito B, do Prado RR, Mattar A, Hegg R, Yoshinori Shida J et al. Overview of Obesity and Breast Cancer in Brazil: 24 Years of Follow-Up. Clin Oncol. 2021;6:1836.
Petrelli F, Cortellini A, Indini A, Tomasello G, Ghidini M, Nigro O et al. Association of Obesity with Survival Outcomes in Patients With Cancer A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open. 2021;4(3):e213520.
Nattenmüller CJ, Kriegsmann M, Sookthai D, Fortner RT, Steffen A, Walter B et al. Obesity as risk factor for subtypes of breast cancer: results from a prospective cohort study. BMC Cancer. 2018;18:616.
Barnett JB. The Relationship between Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk and Mortality. Nutrition Rev. 2003;61(2):73-6.
Silvestris N, Argentiero A, Natalicchio A, D’Oronzo S, Beretta GD, Acquati S et al. Antineoplastic dosing in overweight and obese cancer patients: an Associazione Italiana Oncologia Medica (AIOM)/ Associazione Medici Diabetologi (AMD)/ Società Italiana Endocrinologia (SIE)/ Società Italiana Farmacologia (SIF) multidisciplinary consensus position paper. 2021;6(3).
Lorincz AM, Sukumar S. Molecular links between obesity and breast cancer. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2006;13:279-92.
Faria SS, Corrêa LH, Heyn GS, de Sant'Ana LP, Almeida RDN, Magalhães KG. Obesity and Breast Cancer: The Role of Crown-Like Structures in Breast Adipose Tissue in Tumor Progression, Prognosis, and Therapy. J Breast Cancer. 2020;23(3):233-45.
Chan DS, Vieira AR, Aune D. Body mass index and survival in women with breast cancer-systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of 82 follow‐up studies. Ann Oncol. 2014;25:1901‐14.
Jardé T, Perrier S, Vasson MP, Caldefie-Chézet F. Molecular mechanisms of leptin and adiponectin in breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2011;47(1):33-43.
Okumura M, Yamamoto M, Sakuma H, Kojima T, Maruyama T, Jamali M et al. Leptin and high glucose stimulate cell proliferation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: reciprocal involvement of PKC-alpha and PPAR expression. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1592;107-16.
Danthala M, Rajesh GR, Gundeti S, Raju GS, Chandran P, Srinivas ML. Obesity and Breast Cancer: Association of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Adiponectin-Leptin Ratio as Risk Biomarkers. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2018;39(03):292-6.
Schmidt S, Monk JM, Robinson LE, Mourtzakis M. The integrative role of leptin, oestrogen and the insulin family in obesity-associated breast cancer: potential effects of exercise. Obes Rev. 2015;16:473-87.
Vona-Davis L, Rose DP. Type 2 diabetes and obesity metabolic interactions: common factors for breast cancer risk and novel approaches to prevention and therapy. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2012;8:116-30.
Cosimo SD, Porcu L, Agbor-tarh D, Cinieri S, Franzoi MA, De Santis MC et al. Effect of body mass index on response to neo-adjuvant therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer: an exploratory analysis of the NeoALTTO trial. Breast Cancer Rese. 2020;22:115.
Diao S, Wu X, Zhang X, Hao Y, Xu B, Li X et al. Obesity‑related proteins score as a potential marker of breast cancer risk. Scientific Rep. 2021;11:8230.
