A prospective study to evaluate incidence and risk factor for surgical site infection in patient undergoing abdominal surgeries at a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20233676Keywords:
Surgical site infection, Respiratory tract infection, Urinary tract infectionAbstract
Background: Study was conducted to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, identification of etiological agents, and antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance for surgical site infections in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries at Mathura Das Mathur Hospital, Jodhpur.
Methods: A prospective case series study was conducted at Mathura Das Mathur Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, involving all patients undergoing abdominal surgeries between 1 January 2021 and 1 January 2022. Patient demographics and associated risk factors were documented, and comprehensive investigations were carried out.
Results: This study included 220 patients, with an infection rate of 18.6%. Compared to other studies conducted in India, this rate is almost similar. However, studies conducted in the Western world show a lower infection rate.
Conclusions: The incidence of surgical site infection in this study was 18.6%, which is comparable to other studies conducted in India. Pseudomonas was the most commonly isolated organism, and older individuals were found to be more susceptible to infection. Risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, emergency surgeries, and higher BMI also contributed to the development of surgical site infections.
References
Leaper DJ. Surgical infection. In: Bailey & Love’s Short Practice of Surgery. UK: CRC Press; 2004.
Richard T, Mimi L, Philips LG. Wound healing. Textbook of Surgery, 18th ed. USA: Elsevier; 2021: 191-216.
Razavi SM, Poor MI, Kashani AS, Jafarian J. Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital. BMC Surg. 2005;5:210.
Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML. Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1999;20(4):250:64.
Patel SM, Patel MH, Patel SD, Soni ST, Kinariwala DM, Vegad MM. Surgical Site Infections: Incidence and Risk Factors in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Western India. Natl J Community Med. 2012;2:193-6.
Cruse PJ, Foord R. A five-year prospective study of 23,649 surgical wounds. Arch Surg. 1973;107:206-10.
Cruse PJ, Foord R.: The epidemiology of wound infection: a 10-year prospective study of 62,939 wounds. Surg Clin North Am. 1980;60:27-40.
Anvikar AR, Deshmukh AB, Karyakarte RP. A one year prospective study of 3280 surgical wounds. Indian J Med Microbiol. 1999;17:129-32.
Kamat US, Fereirra AM, Kulkarni MS, Motghare DD: A prospective study of surgical site infections in a teaching hospital in Goa. Indian J Surg. 2008;70: 120-4.
Mahesh CB, Shivakumar S, Suresh BS, Chidanand SP, Vishwanath Y. A prospective study of surgical site infections in a teaching hospital. J Clin Diag Res. 2010;4:3114-9.
Owens CD, Stoessel K. Surgical site infections: epidemiology, microbiology and prevention. J Hosp Infect. 2008;70:3-10.
Bharatnur S, Agarwal V. Surgical site infection among gynecological group: risk factors and postoperative effect. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018;7:966.
Saravanakumar R, Devi BP. Surgical site infection in a tertiary care centre-an overview-A cross sectional study. Int J Surg. 2019;21(1):12-6.
Mohan N, Gnanasekar D. Prevalence and Risk factors of surgical site infections in a teaching medical college in the Trichy District of India. Cureus. 2021; 15:394.
Court-Brown CM. Preoperative skin depilation and its effect on postoperative wound /infections. J Coll Surg Edinb. 1981;26:238-41.
Rojanapirom S, Danchaivijitr S. Pre-operative shaving and wound infection in appendectomy. J Med Assoc Thai. 1992;75:20-3.
Cheng H, Clymer JW, Po-Han Chen B, Sadeghirad B, Ferko NC, Cameron CG, Hinoul P. Prolonged operative duration is associated with complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Surg Res. 2018;229:134-44.
Kulkarni N, Arulampalam T. Laparoscopic surgery reduces the incidence of surgical site infections compared to the open approach for colorectal procedures: a meta-analysis. Tech Coloproctol. 2020; 24:1017-24.
Meijs AP, Koek MBG, Vos MC, Geerlings SE, Vogely HC, de Greeff SC. The effect of body mass index on the risk of surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40:991-6.
