Subcutaneous dirofilariasis: case series

Abstract

Dirofilariasis is a parasitic infection caused by Dirofilaria worms, transmitted through mosquito bites, primarily affecting dogs but also affecting humans incidentally. This introduction provides an overview of the various forms of dirofilariasis, with focus on subcutaneous and pulmonary types, and highlights its geographical distribution. Subsequent case reports describe 3 instances of dirofilariasis in different anatomical locations, emphasizing diagnostic findings and successful surgical treatment. Discussion delves into nature of human subcutaneous dirofilariasis (HSD), emphasizing D. repens and D. immitis as common causative species. It explains lifecycle of these parasites, their transmission through mosquito vectors, and various clinical manifestations based on species and affected body areas. Diagnostic approaches are elucidated with particular focus on importance of HPE in identifying specific species. This case series highlights importance of increased awareness, diagnostic tests, and vector control is emphasized to enable early detection and treatment, thus avoiding further complications and mortality associated with the dirofilariasis.