Histological pattern of bladder cancer at a tertiary hospital in North Western Nigeria: an update

Authors

  • Uzodimma E. Onwuasoanya Department of Surgery, Zenith Medical and Kidney Center, Abuja, Nigeria
  • Ismaila A. Mungadi Department of Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria
  • Ngwobia Peter Agwu Department of Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria
  • Abdullahi Abdulwahab-Ahmed Department of Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria
  • Kabiru Abdullahi Department of Histopathology and Forensic Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria
  • Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad Department of Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria
  • Abdullahi Khalid Department of Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20221398

Keywords:

Bladder cancer, Histology, Schistosomiasis

Abstract

Background: An update on the histopathological patterns of bladder cancer in our environment is pertinent to determine the current prevalent histological type and if there is worsening schistosomal infestation as these can guide the management of bladder cancer.

Methods: This is a prospective study of patients managed for bladder cancer at the urology unit, department of surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria between 02 February 2018 and 01 February 2019. Histology of biopsy specimens were done at the histopathology department of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Data was collected using a structured proforma and analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Results: A total of 65 patients were recruited into the study with mean age of 51.9 years and standard deviation of ±14.7. The male to female ratio was 6:1 and the commonest occupation of the patients was farming (41.5%). A total of 46 patients (70.8%) had squamous cell carcinoma following histology, followed by transitional cell carcinoma seen in 9.2% of patients and adenocarcinoma seen in 3.1% of patients. Schistosoma ova was seen in 13.8% of the patients while 3.1% of the patients had cystitis cystica.

Conclusions: The commonest histological type of bladder cancer in our environment is squamous cell carcinoma. In this current study, the percentage of patients with squamous cell carcinoma is higher than the previously reported percentages while the percentage of patients with transitional cell carcinoma is lower than the previously reported percentages thus revealing worsening schistosomal infestation in our environment.

References

Parkin DM. The global burden of Urinary bladder cancer. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 2008;218:12-20.

David PW. Urothelial tumors of the bladder. In: Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Sunders, Elsevier Inc. 2012;2311-29.

Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, Ward E. Cancer Statistics 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60:227-300.

Linn JF, Sesterhenn 1, Mostofi FK, Schoenberg M. The molecular Characteristics of bladder cancer in young patients. J Urol. 1998;159:1493-6.

Lopez-Becltran A. Bladder Cancer: Clinical and pathological profile. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 2008;218:95-109.

Malami SA, Umar HP, Bawa AA. A descriptive retrospective study of pattern of malignant diseases in Sokoto; North Western Nigeria (1999-2004). J Med Sci. 2007;7:1033-8.

Mungadi IA, Malani SA. Urinary bladder cancer and Schistosomiasisin North Western Nigeria. West Afr J Med. 2007;26:226-9.

Aghaji AE, Mbonu OO. Bladder tumours in Enugu, Nigeria. Br J Urol. 1989;64:399-402.

Obafunwa JO. Histopathological Study of vesical carcinoma in Plateau State, Nigeria Eur J Surg Oncol. 1991;17:489-91.

Thomas J O, Onyemenen NT. Bladder Carcinoma in Ibadan Nigeria: a changing trend. East Afr Med J. 1995;72:49-50.

Taofeek I. Research methodology and dissertation writing for health and allied health professionals. First ed. Abuja: Cress Global Link Limited publishers. 2009.

Muhammad AS, Mungadi IA, Ndodu ED, Kalayi GD. Performance of urinary survivin as a non-invasive molecular marker of bladder carcinoma in a schistosomiasis endemic area. Ghana Med J. 2018;52:74-8.

Downloads

Published

2022-05-26

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles