The alcoholic individual and facial trauma: a 3 years survey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20205348Keywords:
Alcohol, Fracture, Trauma, TrafficAbstract
Background: Road traffic accidents, under the influence of alcohol constitute a majority of patients in the emergency trauma services in tertiary health care facilities. The incidence of the same and the region predominantly involved was analysed.
Methods: 61 subjects in the Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial trauma services were studied, during a period of 2 years, at Dayanand medical college, Ludhiana, Punjab. In this prospective study the admission records were analysed in context to alcohol intake prior to the trauma.
Results: The incidence of facial fractures, attributed to road-side accidents was the highest i.e. 72%. Other antecedent events were, assaults in 15%, fall from heights in 8% and due to sport injuries in 3.2%. 34% of our patients were under the influence of alcohol at the time of injury. Incidence of facial fracture in our series were fracture mandible, 39.3%, zygomatic 23.5%, Le Fort II 17.9% and nasoethmoid 12.3%. One case of Le Fort I, orbital and alveolar fracture was seen.
Conclusions: Drunken driving in Punjab was behind one third i.e. 34% of the trauma patients in our casualty services.
References
Maran AD. Fractured Nose. In: Mackay Ian S, Bull TR (Editors). Scott Brown's Otolaryngology, fifth ed. London, Butterworth-Heineman. 1988;212.
Greene D, Raven R, Carvalho G, Mass CS. Epidemiology of facial injury in blunt assault. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123:923.
Edgerton MT. Emergency case of maxillofacial and neck injuries. The management of trauma by Ballinger, Rutherford and Zuidema. 1952;255-33.
Gwyn PP, Carraway JH, Hostin CE. Facial fractures associated injuries and complications. Plastic Reconstruct Surg. 1971;47:225.
Mayell MJ. Nasal fractures their occurrence, management and some late results. Jr. of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. 1973;18:31.
O' Donoghue GM, Vaughan EDV, Codon KC. An analysis of pattern of facial Injuries in a general accidental department. Injury. 1979;11:526.
Murray JA, Maran AG. The treatment of nasal injuries. by manipulation. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 1980; 94(12):1405-10.
Fortunato MA, Fielding AF, Guernsey LH. Facial bone fractures in children. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 1982; 53(3):225-30.
Voss R. The aetiology of jaw fractures in Norwegian patients. Journal of maxillofacial surgery. 1982;10:146-8.
Edwards TJ, David DJ, Simpson DA, Abbott AA. Patterns of mandibular fractures in Adelaide, South Australia. Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery. 1994;64(5):307-11.
Gupta DS, Gupta MK, Singh BAD. Fractures of facial skeleton. A retrospective survey Of 624 cases. Journal of Indian Association. 1985;57:173.
Carvalho TB, Cancian LR, Marques CG, Piatto VB, Maniglia JV, Molina FD. Six years of Facial trauma care: an epidemiological analysis of 355 cases. Brazilian J Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;76(5):565-74.
Nakhgevany KB, LiBassi M, Esposito B. Facial trauma in motor vehicle accidents: etiological Factors. Am J Emerg Med. 1994;12(2):160-3.
Hutchison IL, Magennis P, Shepherd JP, Brown AE. The BAOMS United Kingdom survey of Facial injuries part 1: aetiology and the association with alcohol consumption. Br J Oral Maxillofacial Surg. 1998;36(1):3.
Neto IC, Franco JM, de Araujo Junior JL, Santana MD, de Abreu LC, Bezerra IM et al. Factors associated with the complexity of facial trauma. J Craniofacial Surg. 2018;29(6):e562-6.
