An appraisal of result of surgery for gastric carcinoma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20190999Keywords:
Gastric carcinoma, Mortality, Survival ratesAbstract
Background: Large number of the patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) remain asymptomatic, symptoms developed only in GC with advanced lesions with local or distant metastases. GC contributes significant morbidity and mortality related to malignancy, worldwide. The objectives of this study were to study the clinical presentation, surgery type and post-operative mortality and survival in case of patients with gastric carcinoma.
Methods: The study included the patients with histologically proven cases of adenocarcinoma of stomach over a period of 5 years. The study excluded the patients with proven distant metastatic disease and/or in whom only palliative surgery was performed. All the patients were followed-up regularly till 5 years after the surgery.
Results: The age-group of 51-60 years had maximum number of patients with GC followed by the age-group of 41-50 years. A majority of patients were presented with epigastric pain, weight loss, and anorexia. 30 (14.22%) patients had stage I GC while 77 (36.49%) and 104 (49.29%) patients had stage II and III GC, respectively. Overall survival of the patients was 75.62%, 56.22% and 44.78% at the end of 1-year, 2-years and 5-years.
Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis of gastric carcinoma responsible for this poor survival rates. The screening programs must be implemented for early diagnosis which can improve survival as well as quality of life of the patients with gastric carcinoma.
References
Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(2):69-0.
Wright NA, Poulsom R, Stamp G, Van Noorden S, Sarraf C, Elia G, et al. Trefoil peptide gene expression in gastrointestinal epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol. 1993;104(1):12-20.
Rao DN, Ganesh B. Estimate of cancer incidence in India in 1991. Ind J Canc.1998;35(1):10-18.
Sharma A, Radhakrishnan V. Gastric cancer in India. Ind J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2011;32(1):12-6.
Papaxoinis G, Papageorgiou S, Rontogianni D, Kaloutsi V, Fountzilas G, Pavlidis N, et al. Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:a clinicopathologic study of 128 cases in Greece. A hellenic cooperative oncology group study (HeCOG). Leukemia Lymphoma. 2006;47(10):2140-6.
Zali H, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Azodi M. Gastric cancer: prevention, risk factors and treatment. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2011;4(4):175-85.
Bowles MJ, Benjamin IS. ABC of the upper gastrointestinal tract: Cancer of the stomach and pancreas. BMJ. 2001;323(7326):1413-6.
Olearchyk AS. Gastric carcinoma. A critical review of 243 cases. Am J Gastroenterol. 1978;70(1):25-45.
Mackay S, Hayes T, Yeo A. Management of gastric cancer. Aust Fam Physic. 2006;35(4):208-11.
Nashimoto A, Akazawa K, Isobe Y, Miyashiro I, Katai H, Kodera Y, et al. Gastric cancer treated in 2002 in Japan: 2009 annual report of the JGCA nationwide registry. Gastric Canc. 2013;16:1-27.
Choi MK, Kim GH, Park do Y, Song GA, Kim DU, Ryu DY, et al. Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: a single-center experience. Surg Endosc. 2013;27:4250-58.
Cai J, Wei D, Gao CF, Zhang CS, Zhang H, Zhao T. A prospective randomized study comparing open versus laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer. Dig Surg. 2011;28:331-7.
Dikken JL, van de Velde CJ, Coit DG, Shah MA, Verheij M, et al. Treatment of resectable gastric cancer. Therapeutic Advanc Gastroenterol. 2012;5(1):49-69.
Hundahl SA, Phillips JL, Menck HR. The National Cancer Data Base Report on poor survival of US gastric carcinoma patients treated with gastrectomy: American Joint Committee on Cancer staging, proximal disease, and the “different disease” hypothesis. Cancer. 2000;88(4):921-32.
Cenitagoya GF, Bergh CK, Klinger-Roitman J. A prospective study of gastric cancer. ‘Real’ 5-year survival rates and mortality rates in a country with high incidence. Digest Surg. 1998;15(4):317-22.
Seo SH, Hur H, An CW, Yi X, Kim JY, Han SU, et al. Operative risk factors in gastric cancer surgery for elderly patients. J Gastric Canc. 2011;11(2):116-21.
Smith JK, McPhee JT, Hill JS, Whalen GF, Sullivan ME, Litwin DE, et al. National outcomes after gastric resection for neoplasm. Arch Surg. 2007;142(4):387-93.
Heemskerk VH, Lentze F, Hulsewé KW, Hoofwijk TG. Gastric carcinoma: review of the results of treatment in a community teaching hospital. World J Surg Oncol. 2007;5:81.
Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010;127(12):2893-917.
Theuer CP, de Virgilio C, Keese G, French S, Arnell T, Tolmos J, et al. Gastric adenocarcinoma in patients 40 years of age or younger. Am J Surg. 1996;172(5):473-6.
Karimi P, Islami F, Anandasabapathy S, Freedman ND, Kamangar F. Gastric cancer: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014;23(5):700-13.
Li X, Deng Y, Tang W, Sun Q, Chen Y, Yang C, et al. Urban-rural disparity in cancer incidence mortality and survivals in Shanghai China during 2002 and 2015. Frontiers Oncol.2018;8:579.
Correa P. Gastric cancer: overview. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2013;42(2):211-7.
Pasechnikov V, Chukov S, Fedorov E, Kikuste I, Leja M. Gastric cancer: prevention, screening and early diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(38):13842-62.
Mickevicius A, Ignatavicius P, Markelis R, Parseliunas A, Butkute D, Kiudelis M, et al. Trends and results in treatment of gastric cancer over last two decades at single East European centre: a cohort study. BMC Surg. 2014;14:98.
Parkin D M, Pisani P, Ferlay J. Estimates of the worldwide incidence of 25 major cancers in 1990. Int J Cancer. (1999);80:827-41.
Msika S, Deroide G, Kianmanesh R. Surgical management of gastric cancer. In: Holzheimer RG, Mannick JA, eds. Surgical treatment: evidence-based and problem-oriented. Munich: Zuckschwerdt; 2001. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6969/. Accessed June 12, 2018.
Ciesielski M, Kruszewski WJ, Walczak J, Szajewski M, Szefel J, Wydra J, et al. Analysis of postoperative morbidity and mortality following surgery for gastric cancer. Surgeon volume as the most significant prognostic factor. Prz Gastroenterol. 2017;12(3):215-21.
Schwarz RE. Current status of management of malignant disease: current management of gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19:782-8.
Bartlett EK, Roses RE, Kelz RR, Drebin JA, Fraker DL, Karakousis GC, et al. Morbidity and mortality after total gastrectomy for gastric malignancy using the American college of surgeons national surgical quality improvement program database. Surg. 2014;156:298-304.
Papenfuss WA, Kukar M, Oxenberg J, Attwood K, Nurkin S, Malhotra U, et al. Morbidity and mortality associated with gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21:3008-14.
Ali ZA, Mahmoodi M, Mohammad K, Zeraati H, Hosseini M, Naieni KH. Factors affecting the survival of patients with gastric cancer undergone surgery at iran cancer institute: Univariate and multivariate analyses. Iran J Pub Heal. 2014;43(6):800.
Thong-Ngam D, Tangkijvanich P, Mahachai V, Kullavanijaya P. Current status of gastric cancer in Thai patients. J Med Assoc Thai. 2001;84:475-82.
Schwarz RE, Zagala-Nevarez K. Recurrence patterns after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: prognostic factors and implications for postoperative adjuvant therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2002;9:394-400.
Samadi F, Babaei M, Yazdanbod A, Fallah M, Nouraie M, Nasrollahzadeh D, et al. Survival rate of gastric and esophageal cancers in Ardabil province, North-West of Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2007;10(1):32-7.
Sadighi S, Raafat J, Mohagheghi M, Meemary F. Gastric carcinoma: 5 year experience of a single institute. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2005;6:195-6.