A clinical study of solitary nodule thyroid

Abstract

Background: A solitary Nodule Thyroid is a palpable swelling in an otherwise normal thyroid. It is noted to have a higher incidence of malignancy. The disease is seen to affect 4-7% of the total population with a predominance for females to males with a ratio of 4:1. A systemic approach is thus needed to evaluate and treat Solitary Nodule Thyroid.

Methods: A prospective study of 80 patients admitted with solitary nodule thyroid admitted to Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital between September 2017 and November 2018. A detailed history and examination were carried out and routine investigations were sent. Hemi thyroidectomy was done in all patients.

Results: Peak incidence seen at the 3^rd and 4^th decades of life, with 73 females and 7 males. Most common was swelling in the thyroid region, with the duration being 1 month to 6 years. Right lobe to be involved in 52 of the total cases studied. Multinodular goitre is the most common cause of solitary nodule thyroid followed by follicular Adenoma. Most common malignancy noted was papillary carcinoma, followed by follicular carcinoma. All patients underwent hemi thyroidectomy. There was no mortality in our study.

Conclusions: Solitary nodule thyroid is a common clinical entity that occurs more commonly in females. Usually presents as a painless neck swelling. FNAC and thyroid profile are the most important investigations that help in its diagnosis. MNG is the most common cause of SNT. Surgery is the treatment of choice of all cases. Hemi thyroidectomy is the most appropriate and least expensive procedure that can be done for its treatment.