Microbiological profile and antibiotic resistance patterns in complicated versus uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a prospective cohort study from a tertiary care centre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20261993Keywords:
Appendicitis, Microbiology, Antibiotic resistanceAbstract
Background: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency with variable microbiological patterns influencing disease severity and outcomes. Regional data from South India remains limited.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis at a tertiary care centre. Patients were classified into uncomplicated (UAA) and complicated appendicitis (CAA). Intraoperative samples were subjected to microbiological analysis and antibiotic sensitivity testing.
Results: Out of 100 patients, 60% had UAA and 40% had CAA. Mean age was significantly higher in CAA (50.33±7.2 years) compared to UAA (31.82±7.46 years, p<0.001). Culture positivity was 100% in CAA and 50% in UAA. Polymicrobial infections were observed exclusively in CAA (62.5%). Common organisms included Escherichia coli, Bacteroides and Pseudomonas. High resistance rates were observed for meropenem (34%), ceftriaxone (30%) and amoxicillin (31%). Surgical site infections occurred only in CAA (25%).
Conclusions: Complicated appendicitis demonstrates a distinct microbiological profile with higher polymicrobial infection and antibiotic resistance. Empirical antibiotic therapy should include anaerobic coverage and be guided by regional antibiograms.
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