A case report of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumour (VIPoma) of liver
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20251915Keywords:
Neuroendocrine tumors, Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor, Serum VIP, Serum chromogranin, CA19-9, Ga68 DOTA PETAbstract
Rare cancers that start in the cells of the neuroendocrine system are called neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The gastrointestinal and respiratory systems are among the organs where they are most frequently detected. Due to their rarity and sluggish growth rate, primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (PHNETs) are frequently difficult to identify until the disease has advanced to a later stage. A case of 22-year-old male patient with history of chronic diarrhoea for two years, large volume (700–1000 ml/day), watery, yellow colour, frequency of 6-7 times/day, not associated with abdomen pain or blood and mucus in stools. He had lost 9 kg weight over 2 years with preserved appetite. He was evaluated in multiple hospitals as infective diarrhoea or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Routine investigations revealed dehydration related acute kidney injury, hypokalaemia and compensated normal anion gap acidosis. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a liver lesion suggestive of hemangioma. PHNETs are uncommon liver tumors that can be difficult to differentiate from other liver tumor types since they frequently exhibit vague symptoms. For PHNETs, hepatectomy is the recommended course of treatment. However, different strategies need to be taken into account when there are several intrahepatic lesions or when surgery is not an appropriate treatment for vascular invasion.
Metrics
References
Klimstra DS, Modlin IR, Coppola D, Lloyd RV, Suster S. The pathologic classification of neuroendocrine tumors: a review of nomenclature, grading, and staging systems. Pancreas. 2010;39:707-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181ec124e
Song JE, Kim BS, Lee CH. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: a case report and literature review. World J Clin Cases. 2016;4:243-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v4.i8.243
Camargo ÉS, Viveiros Mde Mde M, Corrêa Neto IJ, Robles L, Rezende MB. Primary hepatic carcinoid tumor: case report and literature review. Einstein. 2014;12:505-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082014RC2745
Li W, Zhuang BW, Wang Z, Liao B, Hong LY, Xu M, et al. Case report of contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: a CARE-compliant article. Medicine. 2016;95:e3450. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000003450
Kellock T, Tuong B, Harris AC, Yoshida E. Diagnostic imaging of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors: a case and discussion of the literature. Case Rep Radiol. 2014;2014:156491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/156491
Fenoglio LM, Severini S, Ferrigno D, Gollè G, Serraino C, Bracco C, et al. Primary hepatic carcinoid: a case report and literature review. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15:2418-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.15.2418
Assarzadegan N, Montgomery E. What is new in 2019 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the digestive system: review of selected updates on neuroendocrine neoplasms, appendiceal tumors, and molecular testing. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020;145:664-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2019-0665-RA
Baek SH, Yoon JH, Kim KW. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Radiologica Short Rep. 2013;2:2047981613482897. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2047981613482897
Shi C, Zhao Q, Dai B, Xie F, Yang J. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine neoplasm: long-time surgical outcome and prognosis. Medicine. 2018;97:e11764. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000011764
Jia C, Zhang Y, Xu J, Sun K. Experience in primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2012;23:546-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4318/tjg.2012.0370
Quartey B. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: what do we know now? World J Oncol. 2011;2:209-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4021/wjon341w
Wang LX, Liu K, Lin GW, Jiang T. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors: comparing CT and MRI features with pathology. Cancer Imaging. 2015;15:13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40644-015-0046-0
Huang HF, Jin PP, Yang HJ, Zhang CJ, Zhang X, Wang JS, et al. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor mimicking ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma with AFP elevation: a case report and literature review. OncoTargets Ther. 2020;13:975-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S236728
Skagias L, Vasou O, Ntinis A, Kondi-Pafiti A, Koureas A, Politi E. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor with exophytic growth: report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Acta Cytologica. 2010;54:202-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000325010
Pan B, Wang SC, Chen ZK, Zou GC.18F-FDG-PET/CT findings of a primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: a case report and literature review. J Clin Case Stud. 2019;5:194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16966/2471-4925.194
Yalav O, Ülkü A, Akçam TA, Demiryürek H, Doran F. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: five cases with different preoperative diagnoses. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2012;23:272-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4318/tjg.2012.0465
Knox CD, Anderson CD, Lamps LW, Adkins RB, Pinson CW. Long-term survival after resection for primary hepatic carcinoid tumor. Ann Surg Oncol. 2003;10:1171-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/ASO.2003.04.533
Wängberg B, Nilsson O, Johanson VV, Kölby L, Forssell-Aronsson E, Andersson P, et al. Somatostatin receptors in the diagnosis and therapy of neuroendocrine tumor. Oncologist. 1997;2:50-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2-1-50
Huang YQ, Xu F, Yang JM, Huang B. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: clinical analysis of 11 cases. Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Dis Int. 2010;9:44-8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
