Correlation between Glasgow prognostic score and tumor-node-metastasis staging in colorectal cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20250555Keywords:
Glasgow prognostic score, TNM staging, Colorectal cancer, Systemic inflammation, Prognostic markersAbstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis is closely linked to clinical stage, with early-stage CRC offering better survival. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging in CRC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the GPS and TNM staging in colorectal cancer
Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from June 2018 to May 2019 in the Department of Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, included 100 colorectal cancer patients. It assessed the correlation between GPS and TNM staging. Data on demographics, tumor site, GPS, and TNM stage were analyzed using Chi-square tests in statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: The study included 100 participants, predominantly male (59%), with a mean age of 65±10 years. The most common tumor sites were the left colon (42%) and rectum (29%). Elevated CRP levels (>10 mg/l) were observed in 25% of participants, and 34% had low albumin levels (≤35 g/l). Most participants had a GPS of 0 (56%), with 29% and 15% having GPS 1 and 2, respectively. Half of the participants were classified as TNM stage III, and 26% as stage IV. Higher GPS values significantly correlated with advanced TNM stages (p=0.0123).
Conclusions: The study demonstrated a significant relationship between the GPS and TNM staging in colorectal cancer, highlighting GPS as a potential tool for assessing disease progression.
Metrics
References
Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394-424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492
Printz C. Death rates for colorectal cancer rising for individuals aged younger than 55 years. Cancer. 2018;124(2):229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.31206
Bai X, Feng L. Correlation between prognostic nutritional index, glasgow prognostic score, systemic inflammatory response, and TNM staging in colorectal cancer patients. Nutrition Cancer. 2020;72(7):1170-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2019.1675725
Terzić J, Grivennikov S, Karin E, Karin M. Inflammation and colon cancer. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(6):2101-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.058
Gu XB, Tian T, Tian XJ, Zhang XJ. Prognostic significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2015;5(1):12493. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12493
Nozoe T, Mori E, Takahashi I, Ezaki T. Preoperative elevation of serum C-reactive protein as an independent prognostic indicator of colorectal carcinoma. Surg Today. 2008;38:597-602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-007-3680-8
Goyal A, Terry MB, Jin Z, Siegel AB. C-reactive protein and colorectal cancer mortality in US adults. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014;23(8):1609-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0577
Song S, Li C, Li S, Gao H, Lan X, Xue Y. Derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio may be better biomarkers for predicting overall survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer. OncoTargets Therapy. 2017;3145-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S138039
Roncolato FT, Berton-Rigaud D, O'Connell R, Lanceley A, Sehouli J, Buizen L, et al. Validation of the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) in recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC)–Analysis of patients enrolled in the GCIG Symptom Benefit Study (SBS). Gynecol Oncol. 2018;148(1):36-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.10.019
Zeng X, Tao H. Diagnostic and prognostic serum marker of cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Letters. 2015;9(1):3-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2014.2696
Shibutani M, Maeda K, Nagahara H, Ohtani H, Iseki Y, Ikeya T, et al. The prognostic significance of a postoperative systemic inflammatory response in patients with colorectal cancer. World J Surg Oncol. 2015;13:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-015-0609-3
Zhang C, Wang H, Ning Z, Xu L, Zhuang L, Wang P, et al. Prognostic nutritional index serves as a predictive marker of survival and associates with systemic inflammatory response in metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. OncoTargets Therapy. 2016;19:6417-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S112501
Gunter MJ, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Cross AJ, Leitzmann MF, Weinstein S, Wood RJ, et al. A prospective study of serum C-reactive protein and colorectal cancer risk in men. Cancer Res. 2006;66(4):2483-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3631
Gunawardene A, Dennett E, Larsen P. Prognostic value of multiple cytokine analysis in colorectal cancer: a systematic review. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2019;10(1):134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/jgo.2018.07.11
Tuomisto AE, Mäkinen MJ, Väyrynen JP. Systemic inflammation in colorectal cancer: Underlying factors, effects, and prognostic significance. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(31):4383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i31.4383
Richards CH, Leitch EF, Horgan PG, Anderson JH, McKee RF, McMillan DC. The relationship between patient physiology, the systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients undergoing curative resection of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2010;103(9):1356-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6605919
Forrest LM, McMillan DC, McArdle CS, Angerson WJ, Dunlop DJ. Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 2003;89(6):1028-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6601242
Kinoshita A, Onoda H, Imai N, Iwaku A, Oishi M, Fushiya N, et al. Comparison of the prognostic value of inflammation-based prognostic scores in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2012;107(6):988-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2012.354
Glen P, Jamieson NB, McMillan DC, Carter R, Imrie CW, McKay CJ. Evaluation of an inflammation-based prognostic score in patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer. Pancreatology. 2006;6(5):450-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000094562
Brown DJ, Milroy R, Preston T, McMillan DC. The relationship between an inflammation based prognostic score (GPS) and changes in serum biochemical variables in patients with advanced lung and gastrointestinal cancer. J Clin Pathol. 2006;27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2005.033217
Ishizuka M, Nagata H, Takagi K, Kubota K. Influence of inflammation-based prognostic score on mortality of patients undergoing chemotherapy for far advanced or recurrent unresectable colorectal cancer. Ann Surg. 2009;250(2):268-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b16e24
Moccia F, Tolone S, Allaria A, Napolitano V, Rosa DA, Ilaria F, et al. Lymph node ratio versus TNM system as prognostic factor in colorectal cancer staging. A single Center experience. Open Med. 2019;14(1):523-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2019-0058
Lu X, Guo W, Xu W, Zhang X, Shi Z, Zheng L, et al. Prognostic value of the Glasgow prognostic score in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 9,839 patients. Cancer Management Res. 2018;24:229-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S185350
Lin MS, Huang JX, Yu H. Prognostic significance of Glasgow prognostic score in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(10):19138.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
