Low dose spinal anesthesia for open cholecystectomy: a feasibility and safety study

Jaouad Laoutid; Fouad Sakit; Nabil Jbili; Moulay Ahmed Hachimi

doi:10.18203/2349-2902.isj20171153

Authors

Jaouad Laoutid Department of Anesthesiology and critical care, Military Hospital Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Morocco
Fouad Sakit Service of Suergery, Military Hospital Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Morocco
Nabil Jbili Department of Anesthesiology and critical care, Military Hospital Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
Moulay Ahmed Hachimi Department of Anesthesiology and critical care, Military Hospital Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20171153

Keywords:

Hyperbaric bupivacaine, Intrathecal morphine, Open cholecystectomy, Spinal anesthesia

Abstract

Background: Cholecystectomy is performed either open or a laparascopic route. the traditional and invasive open cholecystectomy is still in frequent practice for various reasons. Spinal anesthesia (SA) has been widely used as alternative to General Anesthesia (GA) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. SA could be a safe and effective anaesthetic procedure for open cholecystectomy. This study was conducted to uncover feasibility and safety of low dose SA for conducting open cholecystectomy.

Methods: All consented patients of ASA grade I and II of either sex scheduled for elective open cholecystectomy received SA using 2 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine mixed with 100 µg Morphine. Peri-operative preparations and management were all standardized. Other drugs being only administered to manage anxiety, pain, nausea/vomiting, hypotension, and any adverse event. Open cholecystectomy by right oblique incision. Intra-operative events and post-operative events were observed for 48 hours, operative difficulty, post operative pain free interval, analgesia requirements, hospital stay and the surgeon and patient satisfaction were studied.

Results: 20 patients were included in the study from 1st may 2016 to December 2016. Spinal anesthesia was adequate for surgery in all patients. Operative difficulty scores were minimal and surgery in one patient was converted to open cholecystectomy. Intraoperatively, five patients presented hypotension and Ephedrine was given. Four patients experienced pain and received Fentanyl and midazolam. Postoperatively, pain scores were minimal and paracetamol was not sufficient only in four patients who received ketoprofen and no patient received opioid. One patient required antiemetic for vomiting and two patients suffered urinary retention and one headache. 19 patients were discharged within 48 hours of surgery and patient satisfaction scores were very good.

Conclusions: Spinal anesthesia is safe and effective anesthetic technic for uncomplicated open cholecystectomy in terms of peri-operative events and, in prolonged post-operative analgesia, as well as in terms of patient and surgeon’s satisfaction.

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